Trade is settled either by barter, including using commodities, mostly precious metals historically, or a "safe currency" that countries are willing to hold. The USD, GBP, and EUR are considered safe currencies. Thus, an issue arises with "de-dollarization," which includes all currencies that Western powers control the use of. These currencies are considered "safe," that is, are not only default free but also relatively stable, but being subject to Western control, they put users at a disadvantage in that they can be "weaponized." So the question arises, how to settle trade without using currency or settlement systems of "unfriendly" states.
One solution is two-party trade settled either by exchange of commodities that the respective partners to the trade desire, or by using their own currencies. Both alternatives are coming to be used now.